Dr Ayaz Qureshi

In his inaugural speech to the nation on 19 August 2018, newly elected Prime Minister Imran Khan set out his intention to turn around Pakistan’s poor record on human development. Citing a recent report by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Prime Minister lamented the fact that Pakistan is one of the top five countries in the world where children die as a result of diarrhoeal diseases spread by contaminated drinking water, one of the countries most hit by maternal mortality, and a country where almost every other child is stunted. He held up brain images to demonstrate the stark differences between the brain development of a healthy two-year-old and that of a stunted child of the same age. Stunting is not only a matter of impaired growth, he said; it also limits children’s intellectual capacities and thwarts the nation’s development. Read more

Issues related to gender and sexual minorities have been historically seen in human rights frameworks instead of international development. Although attitudes towards these minorities have become more accepting in recent times across different cultures (we should remember that many societies tried to cure non-confirming sexual and gender behaviours through the use of medical, behavioural, legal and religious interventions), data on their numbers and other demographic characteristics remains largely absent. Empirical evidence in the form of small scale studies points to the fact that sexual and gender minorities face disparities in many dimensions of development which are the current focus of global development policy and interventions, such as mental health, food security, violence, civic participation. If global development programmes are to be effective they must address these disparities, in addition to meeting development targets for gender and sexual majorities. But how do we do...

The metaphor of threshold is central to understanding life-course changes in anthropology. Scholars such as Van Gennep (2011) and Victor Turner (1967) popularised the idea of rites de passage to account for cross-cultural practices of performing certain rituals to mark one’s transition from on stage in life to the next. A good example of such rites would be the initiation rituals which are usually performed around the time of puberty to mark the transition of an individual into adulthood i.e. the status of a full member of the society. Rituals associated with birth, marriage, death or even graduation are some other examples. Anthropologists have likened life-course to a series of rooms which are connected to each other through doors or portals between them. One enters the next room by leaving the previous room behind. Importantly, crossing the threshold is a moment of great uncertainty because it is at this precise moment that one is neither here, nor there . According to anthropol...

Ghulam Farid was the brightest kid in his year of the village school where I went. All kids have their gifts; his was calligraphy and folklore, especially a poetic rendition of a quarrel between a man's wife and his mother. He used to have the whole school spell-bound when he recited this one. He was equally bright in reading and writing. His favourite pastime was to memorize spellings of long English words which he then challenged the rest of us to match.  His father was a carpenter. Farid couldn't continue his school beyond year 10 (only a few of us were fortunate enough to do that). He became the village ‘painter’, making his living from his calligraphy skills, preparing billboards, banner, posters or simply painting colourful slogans on walls for local politicians. He made a good living out of his hobby and was very well known and respected for that. But then came the ‘panaflex’ – the computerised printing of billboards. Farid was out of work for sometime, then he be...

Sakina did not know her age. She never went to a school. She had been married for three years. Her husband was a labourer. They lived in a joint family with her in-laws in a house which had electricity but no gas connection. They cooked on wood collected from fields adjacent to a canal. The tap water was deemed good for drinking because of the proximity of the canal. They did not boil it before use. The nearest government health facility was about 5km from their home. Sakina described her health and her husband’s health as ‘not the best’. Her husband had hurt his back at work, something that bothered him a lot. Their son, Sanval was just about a year old. He was delivered at a hospital through C-section. Sakina could start breastfeeding him only on the 8 th day of his birth. Before that he was given packaged milk because, she said ‘I was told at the hospital to feed him milkpack’. Sanval was also not weighed at the time of birth but Sakina believes that his weakness was visi...

F lying to Karachi on Monday morning instead of Sunday evening was a bad idea. The morning flight from Islamabad takes off at 8:00. I had hoped to be in PACP office by 10:30 which would mean missing first meeting of day but I had thought that I would be able participate in all important meetings with the health and the planning and development secretaries. The flight PK 365 arrived in Karachi 11:30 instead of 9:55. I hired a radio cab for Sindh AIDS Control Program near Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center.   Kept searching for the PACP office on Rafiquee Shaheed road but it was nowhere to be found. Eventually, I got out of the taxi in front of the Blood Transfusion Center inside JPMC. Met a guy in the corridor who was wearing his staff ID. He led me to another guy in the lab who was able to described SACP location. It was already 1:30 in the afternoon,  which meant I had missed important meetings of the day. Thank you PIA!  The office of SACP was in a walled comp...